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Accessibility and efficiency of mental health services, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
PROBLEM: Mental ill health in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has been a major driver of labour market exclusion through sickness absence, reduced productivity and job loss. APPROACH: A...
Accessibility and efficiency of mental health services, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Problem
Mental ill health in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has been a major driver of labour market exclusion through sickness absence, reduced productivity and job loss.Approach
A...
Humans Mental Health Mental Disorders Mental Health Services Efficiency Organizational Health Services Accessibility Quality of Health Care Northern Ireland United Kingdom Outcome and Process Assessment Health Care
Published by: Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Computational psychopharmacology
Abstract: Rationale: Psychopharmacology needs novel quantitative measures and theoretical approaches based on computational modelling that can be used to help translate behavioural findings from experimental animals to humans...
Computational psychopharmacology
RATIONALE: Psychopharmacology needs novel quantitative measures and theoretical approaches based on computational modelling that can be used to help translate behavioural findings from experimental animals to humans, including...
Hippocampal lesions facilitate instrumental learning with delayed reinforcement but induce impulsive choice in rats.
BACKGROUND: Animals must frequently act to influence the world even when the reinforcing outcomes of their actions are delayed. Learning with action-outcome delays is a complex problem, and little is known of the neural...
Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears.
Baland Jalal, Annette Brühl, Claire O'Callaghan, Thomas Piercy, Rudolf N Cardinal, Vilayanur S Ramachandran, Barbara J Sahakian
Nov 02, 2018
One type of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by contamination fears and compulsive cleansing. Few effective treatments are available for this debilitating condition. Compulsive symptoms, such as excessive...
Prevalence and correlates of low-grade systemic inflammation in adult psychiatric inpatients
Low-grade inflammation is a risk factor for depression, psychosis and other major psychiatric disorders. It is associated with poor response to antidepressant and antipsychotics, and could potentially be a treatment target....
CRP Depression immunopsychiatry Inflammation Psychosis White cell count Adolescent Adult Aged Antidepressive Agents Antipsychotic Agents C-Reactive Protein Comorbidity Cross-Sectional Studies Electronic Health Records Female Humans Inflammation Leukocyte Count Leukocytes Male Mental Disorders Middle Aged prevalence Psychotic Disorders
Birth weight, family history of diabetes and diabetes onset in schizophrenia.
Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Ryan Walker, Hisham Ziauddeen, Rudolf N Cardinal, Edward T Bullmore
Mar 14, 2020
INTRODUCTION:The prevalence of diabetes in schizophrenia is twice that in the general population, but there are few reliable predictors of which individuals will develop glucose dysregulation. OBJECTIVE:To test if abnormal birth...
Published by: BMJ open diabetes research & care
Computational modelling reveals contrasting effects on reinforcement learning and cognitive flexibility in stimulant use disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder
Jonathan W. Kanen, Karen D. Ersche, Naomi A. Fineberg, Trevor W. Robbins, Rudolf N. Cardinal
Jul 19, 2020
Abstract: Rationale: Disorders of compulsivity such as stimulant use disorder (SUD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are characterised by deficits in behavioural flexibility, some of which have been captured using...
Computational modelling reveals contrasting effects on reinforcement learning and cognitive flexibility in stimulant use disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder
Jonathan W Kanen, Karen D Ersche, Naomi A Fineberg, Trevor W Robbins, Rudolf N Cardinal
Jul 08, 2019
Addiction Amisulpride Compulsivity Computational modelling Dopamine Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Pramipexole reinforcement learning Reversal Learning Stimulant use disorder Adult Central Nervous System Stimulants Cognition Dopamine Agonists Dopamine Antagonists Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists Double-Blind Method Female Humans Male Middle Aged Models Neurological Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Receptors Dopamine D2 Receptors Dopamine D3 Reinforcement psychology Reversal Learning Reward Substance-Related Disorders Young Adult
Early versus late risk factors for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.
Setareh Alabaf, Brian Kirkpatrick, Shanquan Chen, Rudolf N Cardinal, Emilio Fernandez-Egea
Apr 12, 2021
AIM: We examined whether timing of known risk factors for schizophrenia may influence the development of schizophrenia with primary negative symptoms. METHOD: This cross-sectional single-centre study in England used a clinical...
Individual differences in the engagement of habitual control over alcohol seeking predict the development of compulsive alcohol seeking and drinking.
Excessive drinking is an important behavioural characteristic of alcohol addiction, but not the only one. Individuals addicted to alcohol crave alcoholic beverages, spend time seeking alcohol despite negative consequences and...
Prevalence, progress, and subgroup disparities in pharmacological antidepressant treatment of those who screen positive for depressive symptoms
ADL activities of daily living AOR adjusted odds ratio ARC applied research collaboration antidepressants BNF British national formulary CI Confidence interval Depression disparity EMHAP European mental health action plan European gdp gross domestic product GHQ-12 12-item general health questionnaire GNI gross national income per capita GP general practitioner HSE health survey for England IAPT improving access to psychological therapies IMD Index of Multiple Deprivation NHS National Health Service NIHR National Institute for Health Research OR odds ratio SHARE survey of health ageing and retirement in Europe STROBE strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology UK United Kingdom USA United States of America WHO World Health Organization
Individual differences in the engagement of habitual control over alcohol seeking predict the development of compulsive alcohol seeking and drinking
Abstract: Excessive drinking is an important behavioural characteristic of alcohol addiction, but not the only one. Individuals addicted to alcohol crave alcoholic beverages, spend time seeking alcohol despite negative...
Original Article Original Articles Alcohol Compulsivity Contingency degradation devaluation Quinine seeking
Published by: Addiction Biology
Longer-term mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with severe mental illness
Shanquan Chen, Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Peter B Jones, Jonathan R Lewis, Rudolf N Cardinal
Jan 07, 2022
Persisting symptoms and dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 infection have frequently been observed. However, information on the aftermath of COVID-19 is inadequate. We followed up people with severe mental illness (SMI) infected with...
Birth weight, family history of diabetes and diabetes onset in schizophrenia
Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Ryan Walker, Hisham Ziauddeen, Rudolf N Cardinal, Edward T Bullmore
Feb 10, 2020
Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes in schizophrenia is twice that in the general population, but there are few reliable predictors of which individuals will develop glucose dysregulation. Objective: To test if abnormal...
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