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Investigating the efficacy of attention bias modification in reducing high spider fear
Attention Bias Modification (ABM) targets attention bias (AB) towards threat and is a potential therapeutic intervention for anxiety. The current study investigated whether initial AB (towards or away from spider images)...
Promoting Social Relationships Using a Couch Cooperative Video Game
Manuel Garcia, Vanessa Rull, Shirley Gunawardana, Dylan Bias, Roseanne Chua, Jairus Cruz, Ma.Corazon Raguro, Maria Perez
Jan 01, 2022
Social relationships are a fundamental aspect of human existence. Unsurprisingly, policymakers are incessantly devising strategies that accentuate the benefits of social relationships and diminish the risks of social isolation....
Published by: IGI Global Scientific Publishing
Investigating the efficacy of attention bias modification in reducing high spider fear
Attention Bias Modification (ABM) targets attention bias (AB) towards threat and is a potential therapeutic intervention for anxiety. The current study investigated whether initial AB (towards or away from spider images)...
Investigating diagnostic bias in autism spectrum conditions
Aja Louise Murray, Carrie Allison, Paula L Smith, Simon Baron-Cohen, Tom Booth, Bonnie Auyeung
Mar 23, 2017
Diagnostic bias is a concern in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) where prevalence and presentation differ by sex. To ensure that females with ASC are not under-identified, it is important that ASC screening tools do not...
AQ-10 autism Autism Spectrum Quotient differential item functioning differential test functioning item response theory screening Sex differences Adolescent Adult Autism spectrum disorder Child Child Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Diagnostic Errors Female Humans Infant Infant Newborn Male Mass Screening Psychometrics Reproducibility of Results Sexism Surveys and Questionnaires Young Adult
Rethinking prestige bias
Azita Chellappoo
Oct 19, 2021
Abstract: Some cultural evolution researchers have argued for the importance of prestige bias as a systematic and widespread social learning bias, that structures human social learning and cultural transmission patterns. Broadly...
The Strategic Bias
As populist campaigns against the media become increasingly common around the world, it is ever more urgent to explore how journalists adopt and respond to them. Which strategies have journalists developed to maintain...
Ayala Panievsky
Jul 21, 2022
Asymmetrical transfer effects of cognitive bias modification
JO Bowler, L Hoppitt, J Illingworth, T Dalgleish, M Ononaiye, G Perez-Olivas, B Mackintosh
Jan 21, 2020
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is well established that attention bias and interpretation bias each have a key role in the development and continuation of anxiety. How the biases may interact with one another in anxiety is...
Anxiety Attention Cognitive bias modification interpretation Transfer effects Adolescent Analysis of Variance Anxiety Attention Bias Cognition Disorders Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Depression Emotions Feedback Psychological Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Reaction Time Self Report Surveys and Questionnaires transfer psychology Young Adult
From Objectivist Bias to Positivist Bias
This article undertakes a critique of the attitudes approach to populism, predicated on survey-based operationalisations of populism as a set of attitudes. Our critique is threefold: first, the move of reducing ‘the elite’ to...
Jury Bias: Myth and Reality
Callie K. Terris
Jan 01, 0001
Juries are often thought of as being fair and crucial to producing fair trials. Things such as scientific jury selection (SJS), peremptory challenges, jury size, and jury nullification skew jury verdicts by introducing biases...
jury bias scientific jury selection peremptory challenges jury nullification jury size jury process voir dire group dynamics Criminal Procedure Political Science Social and Behavioral Sciences
Published by: Ursinus College
Dialectic Exercise on ‘the General Bias’
The assembled text is Insight, Chapter 7, section 8, on the “general bias” of common sense. First, I attempt to identify key counterpositions that previously guided my thinking about general bias. Second, I identify a position...
Published by: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Districting that minimizes partisan bias
Abstract The shapes of electoral districts determine how votes translate into seats. When districts favor certain political parties, electoral results can be disproportionate and the public may...
From Objectivist Bias to Positivist Bias
This article undertakes a critique of the attitudes approach to populism, predicated on survey-based operationalisations of populism as a set of attitudes. Our critique is threefold: first, the move of reducing ‘the elite’ to...
Dialectic Exercise on ‘the General Bias’
The assembled text is Insight, Chapter 7, section 8, on the “general bias” of common sense. First, I attempt to identify key counterpositions that previously guided my thinking about general bias. Second, I identify a position...
Published by: Memorial University of Newfoundland
A Comprehensive Study on Bias in Artificial Intelligence Systems
Elif Kartal
Jan 01, 2022
Humans are social beings. Emotions, like their thoughts, play an essential role in decision-making. Today, artificial intelligence (AI) raises expectations for faster, more accurate, more rational, and fairer decisions with...
Published by: IGI Global Scientific Publishing
Generalization Bias in Science.
Many scientists routinely generalize from study samples to larger populations. It is commonly assumed that this cognitive process of scientific induction is a voluntary inference in which researchers assess the generalizability...
Exchange Bias in Magnetic Topological Insulator Superlattices.
Jieyi Liu, Angadjit Singh, Yu Yang Fredrik Liu, Adrian Ionescu, Balati Kuerbanjiang, Crispin HW Barnes, Thorsten Hesjedal
Sep 27, 2021
Magnetic doping and proximity coupling can open a band gap in a topological insulator (TI) and give rise to dissipationless quantum conduction phenomena. Here, by combining these two approaches, we demonstrate a novel TI...
Association Between Risk-of-Bias Assessments and Results of Randomized Trials in Cochrane Reviews
Jelena Savovic, Rebecca M Turner, David Mawdsley, Hayley E Jones, Rebecca Beynon, Julian PT Higgins, Jonathan AC Sterne
Oct 10, 2018
Flaws in the design of randomized trials may bias intervention effect estimates and increase between-trial heterogeneity. Empirical evidence suggests that these problems are greatest for subjectively assessed outcomes. For the...
Bias in 2-part mixed models for longitudinal semicontinuous data.
Semicontinuous data in the form of a mixture of zeros and continuously distributed positive values frequently arise in biomedical research. Two-part mixed models with correlated random effects are an attractive approach to...
Attention bias modification training for adolescents with chronic pain
Lauren C. Heathcote, Konrad Jacobs, Dimitri M L Van Ryckeghem, Emma Fisher, Christopher Eccleston, Elaine Fox, Jennifer Y F Lau
Feb 01, 2018
Attention bias for pain-related information is theorised to maintain chronic pain, indicating that changing this bias could improve pain-related outcomes. Modifying attention biases in adolescents, when chronic pain often...
Trading interactions
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of buyers' attitudes towards the partial consensus surrounding the benefits of buyer-supplier cooperation - the relational exchange perspective.
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“The Fact That the Author Was Male Instead of Female Provided for an Objective Opinion”
This paper presents an audit-style experiential learning activity intended to gauge students' perceptions of objectivity based on author gender, encourage students to apply the concept of bias to their own learning, and...
Published by: IGI Global Scientific Publishing
Role of mHealth applications for emergency medical system activation in reducing mortality in low-income and middle-income countries
INTRODUCTION: Prehospital care is an essential component in reducing mortality for patients presenting with emergency medical conditions. Prehospital systems tend to be underdeveloped or non-existent in these areas, with less...
Avoiding collider bias in Mendelian randomization when performing stratified analyses.
Claudia Coscia, Dipender Gill, Raquel Benítez, Teresa Pérez, Núria Malats, Stephen Burgess
Jul 28, 2022
Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to investigate the causal effect of a risk factor on an outcome. A collider is a variable influenced by two or more other variables. Naive calculation...
Systematic bias in high-throughput sequencing data and its correction by BEADS.
Genomic sequences obtained through high-throughput sequencing are not uniformly distributed across the genome. For example, sequencing data of total genomic DNA show significant, yet unexpected enrichments on promoters and...
Predicting physical activity energy expenditure in manual wheelchair users
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the influence of anatomical placement of an accelerometer on physical activity energy expenditure prediction in manual wheelchair users. METHODS: Ten accelerometer units (ActiGraph GT3X+) were...
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